Romania signs for 32 F-35A Lightning II, modernizing its military capabilities at an estimated cost of $7.2 billion.
Romania has signed a Letter of Offer and Acceptance (LOA) for the purchase of 32 F-35A Lightning II aircraft. The contract, estimated at $7.2 billion (€6.7 billion), aims to modernize the country’s air capabilities by integrating these 5ᵉ generation fighters with its existing fleet of F-16s. The program includes advanced detection systems, electronic warfare capabilities, and integration into NATO defense networks. This acquisition is part of an enhanced defense strategy in the face of regional challenges.
A strategic investment in national defense
Romania’s decision to acquire 32 F-35A Lightning II aircraft marks a major step in the modernization of its defense system. The contract, approved by the US State Department in September 2023, is part of the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) program. The sum of $7.2 billion (around 33.2 billion Romanian lei) covers not only the aircraft, but also infrastructure, maintenance and ancillary equipment.
The F-35A is a cost-effective solution for Romania. Thanks to its worldwide maintenance network, it ensures optimum operational availability. The fighters will be equipped with AESA (Active Electronically Scanned Array) radars, electro-optical targeting systems and advanced electronic warfare capabilities. These technologies make it possible to detect, track and neutralize enemy forces, while increasing survivability.
This acquisition is part of a significant increase in Romania’s military spending. Between 2023 and 2029, the defense budget is expected to reach $46.3 billion (213.4 billion lei), an increase of 53.3% compared with 2023. This increase reflects Bucharest’s determination to strengthen its deterrent capabilities, particularly in the face of regional tensions in Eastern Europe.
Integration into the NATO air network
The Romanian F-35A will be integrated into the existing F-16 fleet, optimizing the capabilities of each aircraft through advanced interoperability systems. This synergy will enable coordinated operations, strengthening the country’s air defense and its role within NATO.
In 2023, Romania, the Netherlands and Lockheed Martin inaugurated the European F-16 Training Centre (EFTC), a training facility dedicated to Romanian pilots. This infrastructure will accelerate crew preparation for the F-35A, while strengthening European partnerships.
The integration of the F-35A into NATO is part of a broader strategy. According to Lockheed Martin, by 2030, more than 400 F-35s will be deployed on NATO member bases, facilitating joint training and multinational exercises. The F-35’s stealth capabilities and advanced sensors make it a key tool for collective defense missions.
Advanced technological capabilities
The F-35A is equipped with state-of-the-art sensor systems, including AESA radar and Distributed Aperture System (DAS). These technologies provide complete airspace coverage, detecting and tracking long-range threats. The electro-optical targeting system enhances strike accuracy, even in conditions of reduced visibility.
The F-35’s electronic warfare capabilities include detection and jamming of enemy radar systems, enhancing its survivability in modern theaters of operation. These features are particularly important against adversaries with advanced air defenses.
The F-35 can also carry cruise missiles such as the JASSM (Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile) and the LRASM (Long Range Anti-Ship Missile). These weapons increase their operational range, lethality and ability to strike strategic targets from a distance.
Economic and strategic consequences
Romania’s acquisition of the F-35A has major economic implications. With a unit cost of around 85 million euros, excluding operating costs, the program represents a significant investment. However, this is offset by strategic advantages, such as access to a global logistics support network and the guarantee of state-of-the-art aircraft for decades to come.
On a regional level, this acquisition strengthens Romania’s position against potential threats in the Black Sea and on NATO’s eastern borders. By integrating the F-35 into its fleet, Bucharest is sending a strong signal to allies and adversaries alike, affirming its commitment to collective security.
Romania’s purchase of 32 F-35As represents a major step forward in its defense strategy. This program not only strengthens its military capabilities, but also consolidates its role within NATO. The F-35’s technological advances, combined with its seamless integration into allied networks, make it a strategic choice for decades to come. At a time of rising regional tensions, this decision places Romania at the center of collective defense efforts in Europe.
War Wings Daily is an independant magazine.