Technical analysis of the Chengdu F-X, 6th generation Chinese fighter plane: stealth, propulsion, AI, sensors, technical data and strategic projection.
Operational objective and design logic
The Chengdu F-X program aims to equip the PLAAF with a sixth-generation Chinese fighter jet by 2035. The initiative is being led by Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group, which is already responsible for the J-20. The objective is to offer a platform capable of surpassing the performance of current-generation stealth fighters, notably the F-22 and F-35, while meeting future operational requirements: multi-domain combat, autonomous decision-making, reduced electromagnetic signature, swarm warfare, and AI integration.
The approach is based on three fundamental axes:
- Adaptive stealth in the RF and IR spectrum
- Native integration of artificial intelligence
- Modular weapon systems with flexible payload
The first industrial renderings reveal a design without vertical fin, with ventral air intakes and variable geometry wings, confirming an extensive search for aerodynamic optimization and ultra-low radar signature.
Stealthy and aerodynamic design
The design of the Chengdu F-X adopts an airframe without vertical fins, inspired by concepts such as the BAE Tempest and the NGAD. This structure aims for a maximum reduction of the radar cross-section (RCS), less than 0.001 m² according to the program’s assumptions. The airframe adopts continuous angular lines, without breaks, with complete integration of the armaments in internal bunkers.
The air intakes are located in the ventral position, with separation of the flows at low observability. The coating would be based on radar-low reflectivity composites, as well as a thermoregulated layer to limit the infrared signature. The target drag ratio would be less than 0.015, compared to 0.02 for the J-20. The vectored thrust would be provided by steerable flat nozzles, compatible with a tail-less architecture.
The estimated dimensions are:
- Length: approximately 20 meters
- Wingspan: 14 meters in flight configuration
- Wing area varies according to the mission profile
Propulsion and energy system
The Chengdu F-X should be equipped with an evolution of the WS-15 engine, derived from the Emei project. This engine would offer a thrust of over 180 kN with afterburner, and about 130 kN dry. One of the technical objectives is to achieve a thrust-to-weight ratio greater than 1.3, enabling supersonic flights without afterburner (supercruise) at Mach 1.8.
Specific consumption would aim for a reduction of 10% compared to the J-20 engines, with a range of 2,800 km in standard configuration without external tanks. An in-flight refueling capability by rigid boom system is planned, with integration of an AI range of the refueling system.
The electrical generation system would be based on a dual high-frequency alternator capable of supplying an avionics load of more than 300 kW, in order to support active electronic warfare systems, AESA radars, IRST sensors and future electromagnetic weaponry.
Sensors, on-board AI and data processing
The Chengdu F-X will incorporate a suite of multispectral sensors. The main radar would be an AESA GaN (gallium nitride) radar, with a theoretical range of over 400 km against low-signature aerial targets. This radar would be supported by an IRST system mounted in the dorsal fairing and by lateral optical sensors.
The on-board AI architecture would be based on a centralized processing system with self-learning capabilities based on neural models. It will provide real-time decision support for threat management, trajectory optimization, choice of firing modes and inter-platform coordination.
The pilot-machine interface should integrate a holographic projection of the cockpit, coupled with voice control and eye tracking. The trend is towards semi-assisted piloting or autonomous flights in coordinated squadrons, with remote control in a mesh network.
Armament, modules and combat capabilities
The Chengdu F-X will be configured with an estimated internal payload of 8,000 kg. It could carry:
- PL-15 and PL-21 long-range air-to-air missiles
- Hypersonic air-to-ground missiles
- Drones controlled via network link
- Directed energy weapons (laser) in the pipeline
The weapon management system will be fully modular, capable of adapting the mission configuration as required. The integration of escort drones (loyal wingman) is a tactical priority, with each F-X theoretically able to control up to 4 paired drones.
The targeted effective combat radius is 1,500 km. The Chengdu F-X will also have to carry out active jamming missions, suppression of ground-to-air defenses and air tactical command.
Strategic projection
The Chengdu F-X is not just a fighter. It is a platform designed to operate at the center of a distributed network. Its architecture is based on sensor fusion, AI interfacing and operational modularity. Its intended role goes beyond aerial combat: tactical management, jamming, precision strikes, swarm coordination.
The Chinese army is banking on this program to compensate for structural delays in engines and to align itself with the technological pace of the American NGAD or the European SCAF. The stakes are as much technological as they are geopolitical.
While commissioning is hoped for around 2035, demonstrators could fly as early as 2028 according to industrial projections.
War Wings Daily is an independant magazine.